6/3/2023 0 Comments Ancora italianThe attack was part of an Allied operation to gain access to a seaport closer to the Gothic Line in order to shorten their lines of communication for the advance into northern Italy. Poles were tasked with capture of the city on 16 June 1944 and accomplished the task a month later on 18 July 1944 in what is known as the battle of Ancona. Ancona was one of the most important Italian ports on the Adriatic Sea during the Great War.ĭuring World War II, the city was taken by the Polish 2nd Corps against Nazi German forces, as Free Polish forces were serving as part of the British Army. In 1915, following Italy's entry, the battleship division of the Austro-Hungarian Navy carried out extensive bombardments causing great damage to all installations and killing several dozen people. On, Italy entered World War I and joined the Entente Powers. The first Greek community was established in Ancona early in the 16th century.Īncona entered the Kingdom of Italy when Christophe Léon Louis Juchault de Lamoricière surrendered here on 29 September 1860, eleven days after his defeat at Castelfidardo. They were refugees from former Byzantine or Venetian territories that were occupied by the Ottomans in the late 15th and 16th centuries. The Greeks formed the largest of the communities of foreign merchants. See also: Republic of Ancona § Communities present in the RepublicĪncona, as well as Venice, became a very important destination for merchants from the Ottoman Empire during the 16th century. From 1797 onwards, when the French took it, it frequently appears in history as an important fortress. The southern quay was built in 1880, and the harbour was protected by forts on the heights. In 1733, Pope Clement XII extended the quay, and an inferior imitation of Trajan's arch was set up he also erected a Lazaretto at the south end of the harbour, Luigi Vanvitelli being the architect-in-chief. Together with Rome and Avignon in southern France, Ancona was one of three cities in the Papal States in which the Jews were allowed to stay after 1569, living in the ghetto built after 1555. The symbol of the new papal authority was the massive Citadel. In 1532 Ancona definitively lost its freedom and became part of the Papal States, under Pope Clement VII. The sole exception was the rule of the Malatesta, who took the city in 1348, taking advantage of the black death and of a fire that had destroyed many of the city's important buildings. Unlike other cities of northern Italy, Ancona never became a signoria. Trade routes and warehouses of the maritime republic of Ancona After Charlemagne's conquest of northern Italy, it became the capital of the Marca di Ancona, whence the name of the modern region derives. In 840, Saracen raiders sacked and burned the city. It was one of the cities of the Pentapolis of the Exarchate of Ravenna, a lordship of the Byzantine Empire, in the 7th and 8th centuries. Byzantine City Īncona was attacked successively by the Goths and Lombards between the 3rd and 5th centuries, but recovered its strength and importance. At the beginning of it stands the marble triumphal arch, the Arch of Trajan with a single archway, and without bas-reliefs, erected in his honour in 115 by the Senate and Roman people. Its harbour was of considerable importance in imperial times, as the nearest to Dalmatia, and was enlarged by Trajan, who constructed the north quay with his architect Apollodorus of Damascus. Julius Caesar took possession of it immediately after crossing the Rubicon. It was occupied as a naval station in the Illyrian War of 178 BC. When it became a Roman town is uncertain. In Roman times it kept its own coinage with the punning device of the bent arm holding a palm branch, and the head of Aphrodite on the reverse, and continued the use of the Greek language. Greek merchants established a Tyrian purple dye factory here. Greek colony Īncona was populated as a region by Picentes since the 6th century BC who also developed a small town there.Īncona took a more urban shape by Greek settlers from Syracuse in about 387 BC, who gave it its name: Ancona stems from the Greek word Ἀγκών ( Ankṓn), meaning "elbow" the harbour to the east of the town was originally protected only by the promontory on the north, shaped like an elbow. The portal of the church of San Francesco.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |